Endogenous circadian rhythms play an important role in effective functioning of complex organisms to enhance their survival. The master clock or suprachiasmatic nucleus in the ventral hypothalamus helps synchronize all independent peripheral clocks for temporal regulation of all physiological activities. The important clock proteins are Circadian Locomotor Output Cycle Kaput (CLOCK), Brain-Muscle-Arnt-Like protein 1 (BMAL1), Cryptochrome (CRY) and Period (PER). These proteins have a role in reproduction and functioning of gonads. The expression of these proteins is controlled by a histone deacetylase Sirtuin1 (SIRT1). The presence, role and functioning of these compounds in the reproductive tissues is discussed.
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